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Story Publication logo March 26, 2024

Remembering the Amazon in Flux

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A child peers at the camera with sweat beads dropping from her face.
English

Drought and heat are only half of the story of the changes in the Amazon.

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Fishing boats sit on the edge of the dry Solimões River, upstream of the Amazon River, near Tefé, Brazil. Also seen on the February 16, 2024, cover of Science, this full-frame photograph sets the scene and depicts the scale of the drought in 2023. Image by Dado Galdieri. Brazil.

“I will remember walking over the dunes and the scorching Sun on my back.” Those are the memories that will stick with photographer Dado Galdieri from his time spent outside of Tefé, Brazil, shooting for “A River in Flux,” a news feature in Science’s 16 February issue.

Galdieri, who recently earned his master’s degree in the science of sustainability at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, has photographed a number of climate-related stories for Science about the spread of zoonotic diseases and Indigenous people fighting against a controversial dam. Working with his colleagues at Hilaea Media, he is driven to show us how our world is changing.

Galdieri compares his work as a climate photojournalist to that of a war photographer. He explains: “As a Brazilian, it’s a big responsibility to be a photojournalist, to depict this war on nature in the most biodiverse country in the world.”


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When he, writer Daniel Grossman, and filmmaker Patrick Vanier decided to tell a story about how intense drought in the Amazon River was fundamentally changing the region’s hydrology, they wanted to approach it respectfully. News reports last year detailed massive numbers of freshwater dolphins dying, and there was a danger that the presence of the world’s media would detract resources from the locals in a remote area where resources were already running low. Instead of burdening locals by staying in overflowing hotels, the journalists decided to rent and stay on a boat.


In Betel, near Tefé, Brazil, Adeilson da Silva Santos plants manioc, a food staple for Indigenous people living there. They regularly use prescribed burns for planting, but are now considering switching to tractors to avoid spreading fire during drought conditions. Image by Dado Galdieri. 2023.

In this region, boats are the main source of transportation, and they expected navigating the area and finding their angle would be challenging. They were surprised—and grateful—when the locals literally steered their boat for them, pointing them to the story.

“We were not prepared to see how the effects of this shrinking livable habitat were also being mirrored in the other communities,” Galdieri explains. “The fishermen were starting to fight against each other and they were having trouble with the dolphins.”


A child runs across massive sand dunes near the port at Lake Tefé in Brazil. Image by Dado Galdieri. 2023.

My favorite skill of Galdieri’s is how he gains the trust and friendship of the people he photographs. It’s obvious in his pictures. Science journalism can sometimes dull the senses with lists of complex facts and technicalities. Photography injects emotion, empathy, and humanity into these stories. Photography captures people’s attention. Focusing on the people in these challenging circumstances is a soft landing before diving deeper into the issues of hydrological systems.


(Left to right) Adria Moreira, Stefhani Siqueira, and Mariana Lobatowork, from the Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development, perform a necropsy to learn what killed a tucuxi, or river dolphin. Image by Dado Galdieri. Brazil, 2023.

Galdieri described to me what it was like to stand in the middle of the dried riverbed. “It was really painful to see. I couldn’t believe it when I first lifted the drone. It was much bigger than what I thought. It’s like the whole arm of the Amazon just disappeared. Poof!”

He shared a tender moment on our call about what it was like to gain people’s trust: They take you in, they show you what is most precious to them. The experience made Galdieri better appreciate that we are all sharing this world.


Vanuza de Barros Gomes holds a damaged fishing net torn by dolphins that compete with humans for fish in the shrunken Amazon River. Image by Dado Galdieri. Brazil, 2023.

He said the trip brought to mind the sci-fi, futuristic concept of needing to find a more habitable planet. “We are transforming Earth to look like Mars. The Amazon River turned into dunes.”

Covering climate stories again and again can take a toll on journalists. He makes a point of reconnecting with the natural world near his home in the forests outside Rio de Janeiro in order to recenter himself. He says, “Coming home is not so much about re-entering familiar territory as it is about grappling with the contrasts and reflections stirred by the journey.”

Galdieri is particularly interested in this question: “How can we overcome this persistent dichotomy between nature and society?” Arguably, he says, photography is the best tool for that job. Photographs allow people to see it, acknowledge it, and remember it.


Sweat beads on the nose of young Quezia Gomes after playing in the heat near the dried-up Solimões River at her riverside village of Boarazinho, Brazil. Image by Dado Galdieri. 2023.

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